| 段锐超.军号世袭制的衍变与北魏制度文化认同[J].井冈山大学社科版,2017,(4):120-128 |
| 军号世袭制的衍变与北魏制度文化认同 |
| Evolution of the General Title Hereditary System and the System Cultural Identity of Northern Wei Dynasty |
| 投稿时间：2017-03-21 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8107.2017.04.020 |
| 中文关键词: 军号(将军号) 世袭制 爵本位社会 北魏 |
| 英文关键词: general title general title hereditary system rank-of-nobility-based society Northern Wei Dynasty |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1764 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 始于明元帝时期的（将）军号世袭制是北魏前期特有的一种任官制度。军号一般与爵位同时被承袭，具有近似爵位的性质，显露出当时的爵本位社会特征。该制度本质上是拓跋鲜卑军事部族旧制的延续，军功贵族集团是其受益者。孝文帝于太和十六年废止军号世袭制，这是他加强中央集权和致力于汉化的成果，也是征兵制实施后的必然结果。附着世袭色彩褪去之后，军号作为军阶或位阶的本质凸显。这一巨变，反映出军功贵族地位下降，官僚体系逐渐成熟，北魏社会向官本位社会发展，从中亦可概见北朝制度文化认同的演进与飞跃。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The general title hereditary system, began at Emperor Mingyuan's Reign, was a unique officer-appointment system in early Northern Wei Dynasty. By that system, the general titles were usually inherited along with rank of nobility and took many features of the latter, indicating the nature of a rank-of-nobility-based society. As a continuation of the earlier military-tribe system of Xianbei nationality led by Tuoba family, the system brought great benefits to the military nobility groups. However, in the 16th year of Taihe Reign, the system was terminated by Emperor Xiaowen, as fruit of the Emperor's efforts in centralization of authority and adaptation to Han customs, also as an inevitable consequence of conscription system. Excluded of hereditary feature, the general title served primarily as a signal of military or official rank. Such a drastic change signaled the decline of military nobility, maturity of bureaucratic system and growth of Northern Wei society as an official-oriented society. From the changes we can see the evolution and leap-forward of the system, which reveals cultural identity of Northern Dynasties. |
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