| 高湧平,王敏.对流式电暖器模糊PID控制器及其GAPSO优化[J].井冈山大学自然版,2025,46(2):81-88 |
| 对流式电暖器模糊PID控制器及其GAPSO优化 |
| RESEARCH ON CONVECTION ELECTRIC HEATER FUZZY PID CONTROLLER AND ITS GAPSO OPTIMIZATION |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-21 修订日期：2024-12-19 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8085.2025.02.010 |
| 中文关键词: GAPSO算法 二阶惯性时滞系统 对流式电暖器 模糊控制 PID控制 |
| 英文关键词: GAPSO algorithm second-order inertial system with time delay convection electric heater fuzzy controller PID controller |
| 基金项目:江西省自然科学基金项目(20212BAB202003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 如何设计一个智能控制器，以满足人们对环境温度控制的舒适度和精确度的需求，这是电暖技术研究的重要问题。为此，提出了一种遗传粒子群算法优化的模糊 PID 控制器方案。首先建立并识别对流式电暖器的控制系统数学模型，设计了一个模糊 PID 控制算法。其次，为简化模糊 PID 控制器参数寻优、以及避免 PSO 算法陷入局部最优陷阱，用遗传算子改进粒子群算法来优化模糊 PID 控制器。然后，通过 MATLAB/Simulink 仿真实验，获得了系统的阶跃响应曲线，进而对包括上升时间、稳定时间、最大超调和稳态时间在内的控制性能进行了分析和评估。仿真结果表明，基于 GAPSO 优化的模糊 PID 控制器展现出最佳的控制性能，具有最小的超调、可忽略的振荡和最短的稳定时间。因此，该方案展现了良好的动态性能和鲁棒性，满足对流式电暖器温度控制的实际需求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| How to design an intelligent controller that meets people’s demand for comfort and accuracy of ambient temperature control is an important issue in the study of electric heating technology. Therefore, this paper proposes a fuzzy PID design method based on particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithm. Firstly, the mathematical model of the control system of the convection electric heater was established and identified, and a fuzzy PID control algorithm was designed. Furthermore, to simplify the parameter optimization of fuzzy PID control and avoid the local optimum trap of standard PSO algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was improved by using genetic operators. Through MATLAB/Simulink simulation experiments, the step response curves of the controller system were obtained. The performance of the controller, such as rise time, settling time, maximum overshoot, and steady-state time, was analyzed and evaluated. The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID controller optimized by GAPSO exhibits the best control performance, with the smallest overshoot, negligible oscillation, and the shortest settling time. The proposed solution demonstrates good dynamic performance and robustness to meet the practical requirements for temperature control of convection electric heaters. |
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