| 张云飞.历史学性质科学与艺术之争的基本范式评析[J].井冈山大学社科版,2017,(2):124-129 |
| 历史学性质科学与艺术之争的基本范式评析 |
| An Analysis and Comment on the Basic Patterns of the Debate between Science and Art about Historical Nature |
| 投稿时间：2017-03-20 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8107.2017.02.021 |
| 中文关键词: 历史学 历史解释 科学 艺术 |
| 英文关键词: history historical interpretation science art |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金项目“哲学理论的历史感与历史叙述的哲学性：哲学与历史学的关系研究”（项目编号：13CZX007）；河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究青年拔尖人才项目“历史叙事的真实性问题研究”（项目编号：BJ2014100）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 历史学性质科学与艺术之争包含五种基本范式。主张历史学是科学的学者一方面强调其研究内容的真实性，另一方面强调历史研究的目标是发现历史规律或因果法则。主张历史学既是科学又是艺术的学者则认为历史作品的内容具有科学性，但是历史作品的形式具有艺术性，历史学研究要谋求科学内容的艺术再现。肇始于亚里士多德、完成于后现代历史哲学的一种观点认为，历史学只研究一次性事件，内容方面也存在虚构，历史学可以等同于文学艺术。但是，毕竟历史学与文学艺术之间存在着本质的区别，把二者等同起来似乎过于简单化了。于是，柯林武德在把科学界定为有组织的知识总体的基础上提出历史学是一种特殊的科学。作为历史学性质科学与艺术之争范式的超越，德罗伊森等人在区别历史现象和自然现象的基础上特别强调历史学的学科独立性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| There exist five basic patterns of the debate between science and art about historical nature. Scholars who hold that history belongs to science stress,on one hand, the truth of its research content,and on another,emphasize that the target of historical research aims at discovery of historical law or principle of cause and effect.A viewpoint,originated in Aristotle and completed in postmodern philosophy of history,asserts that history studies only one event,its content is imaginary and therefore history is identical to literature and art.But there is,after all, essential difference between history and literature and art,and it is simplistic to identify the two.So,Collingwood suggested that history was a special science on the basis of his definition of science as organized knowledge collectivity.Rod Ethan and others,on the basis of their distinguishment between historical phenomena and natural phenomena,laid a particular emphasis on the discipline independence of history,which has been taken as an idea standing above the basic patterns of the debate between science and art about historical nature. |
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