| 陈瑶.大学胜出与美国现代知识制度环境的形成[J].井冈山大学社科版,2020,41(4):42-48 |
| 大学胜出与美国现代知识制度环境的形成 |
| University as Winner and Formation of American Modern Knowledge System Environment |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-25 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8107.2020.04.006 |
| 中文关键词: 美国高等教育 知识制度 学术秩序 学术专业化 学科 |
| 英文关键词: American higher education knowledge system academic order academic specialization discipline |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1446 |
| 全文下载次数: 1941 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 美国南北战争后重建到“一战”结束的半个多世纪是一个重要的变迁时代，知识组织形态和学术秩序的变革构成其中一个重要方面，而其最重要的结果就是大学在各种知识机构中胜出，大学及其学科成为现代知识制度的中心。大约在1920年前后，这样一种以大学及其学科为中心的、学术专业化的知识制度环境已明显形成，各学校之间、学科之间及学科专业内部的等级序列的轮廓也基本就绪。这是独具特色的美国高等教育发展的重要起点，也是下一个时期美国高等教育引领世界高等教育的基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| U.S. has seen an important transition from Civil War reconstruction to the end of the First World War over half a century, during which the organization of knowledge and the academic order reform became one of the most important marking events. Consequently, universities and its disciplines as the winner have become the center of modern knowledge. Around 1920, the knowledge system has been formed with universities and their disciplines as the center and academic professionalization. The hierarchical sequences system has also established between universities, disciplines and specializations. This is an important starting point for the development of unique American higher education, and is also the basis for American higher education to lead the world in the next period. |
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